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ill effects of sleeping tablet(Eye Opener)
People who take commonly prescribed sleeping pills may be four times more likely to die prematurely, according to the latest research.
High doses of sleeping pills also increased risk of cancer by about a third, said the researchers from the Scripps Clinic Viterbi Family Sleep Centre, California, and the Jackson Hole Centre for Preventative Medicine, Wyoming.
The study, published in the journal BMJ Open, analysed data on more than 10,500 men and women living in California who took a range of sleeping pills for an average of 2.5 years between 2002 and 2007. Patient survival was then compared with that of over 23,500 people matched for age, sex and lifestyle but who had not been prescribed sleeping pills over the same period.
The drugs prescribed included benzodiazepines, such as temazepam and diazepam; non-benzodiazepines, such as zolpidem, zoplicone, and zaleplon; barbiturates and sedative antihistamines.
People prescribed up to 18 doses of pills a year were more than 3.5 times as likely to die as those prescribed none, the study found.
But those prescribed between 18 and 132 doses of pills were more than four times as likely to do die compared with people who had not been prescribed sleeping pills.
The risk of dying prematurely increased with increasing doses of sleeping pills, as those taking the most doses (132+ per year) were more than five times as likely to die as those prescribed none, the researchers found.
Those taking the highest number of doses were also 35 per cent more likely to be diagnosed with any type of cancer, which could not be explained by pre-existing poor health.
Although the findings showed a statistical association between taking sleeping pills with an increased risk of death, it still did not establish a cause of death, the researchers said.
They said it might be time to "reconsider whether even the short term use of hypnotics, as given qualified approval in National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence [NICE] guidance, is sufficiently safe."
Some 2.8 million prescriptions were dispensed for temazepam and nearly 5.3 million for zopiclone in England in 2010.
Malcolm Lader, professor of clinical psychopharmacology at the Institute of Psychiatry at King's College London, said people should not panic as a result of the findings, as more studies were needed.
"I agree that these drugs do have problems but I find some of these results quite difficult to accept.
"The main one is that with 18 doses a year you have three times the mortality - that's quite incredible because you would have people dropping like flies.
"The study needs to be replicated in a different sample and I think we need to hold judgement until we have further studies.
"What we don't want is people stopping sleeping tablets and then going through a very disturbing period of insomnia.
"People should discuss this with their GP but should not under any circumstances stop taking their medication."
High doses of sleeping pills also increased risk of cancer by about a third, said the researchers from the Scripps Clinic Viterbi Family Sleep Centre, California, and the Jackson Hole Centre for Preventative Medicine, Wyoming.
The study, published in the journal BMJ Open, analysed data on more than 10,500 men and women living in California who took a range of sleeping pills for an average of 2.5 years between 2002 and 2007. Patient survival was then compared with that of over 23,500 people matched for age, sex and lifestyle but who had not been prescribed sleeping pills over the same period.
The drugs prescribed included benzodiazepines, such as temazepam and diazepam; non-benzodiazepines, such as zolpidem, zoplicone, and zaleplon; barbiturates and sedative antihistamines.
People prescribed up to 18 doses of pills a year were more than 3.5 times as likely to die as those prescribed none, the study found.
But those prescribed between 18 and 132 doses of pills were more than four times as likely to do die compared with people who had not been prescribed sleeping pills.
The risk of dying prematurely increased with increasing doses of sleeping pills, as those taking the most doses (132+ per year) were more than five times as likely to die as those prescribed none, the researchers found.
Those taking the highest number of doses were also 35 per cent more likely to be diagnosed with any type of cancer, which could not be explained by pre-existing poor health.
Although the findings showed a statistical association between taking sleeping pills with an increased risk of death, it still did not establish a cause of death, the researchers said.
They said it might be time to "reconsider whether even the short term use of hypnotics, as given qualified approval in National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence [NICE] guidance, is sufficiently safe."
Some 2.8 million prescriptions were dispensed for temazepam and nearly 5.3 million for zopiclone in England in 2010.
Malcolm Lader, professor of clinical psychopharmacology at the Institute of Psychiatry at King's College London, said people should not panic as a result of the findings, as more studies were needed.
"I agree that these drugs do have problems but I find some of these results quite difficult to accept.
"The main one is that with 18 doses a year you have three times the mortality - that's quite incredible because you would have people dropping like flies.
"The study needs to be replicated in a different sample and I think we need to hold judgement until we have further studies.
"What we don't want is people stopping sleeping tablets and then going through a very disturbing period of insomnia.
"People should discuss this with their GP but should not under any circumstances stop taking their medication."
self improvement
10 Self Improvement Activities
These self improvement activities will help you become more productive, get into the positive state of mind and achieve better quality of life.
In this article you will also find out how to use your energy effectively, what is the quickest way to achieve personal growth and how to excel in every activity.1st Self Improvement Activity: Use your energy on important things
If you want to succeed in life, you should not waste your energy on activities that do not bring any benefits.
Such useless activities include surfing the Internet without any purpose, watching TV, worrying and wasting money.
When you are involved in such activities, you have no or little energy left for activities that can create a better future. It is worth prioritising and accomplishing important tasks first, and then if you still have enough energy, you may decide to do the unimportant.2nd Self Improvement Activity: Focus on one task at a time
If you want to get perfect results, you should only concentrate on one activity. This way all your energy will go into it and you will accomplish it perfectly.
If you waste your energy on several things at the same time, you will get average results because you will divide your energy between the activities.3rd Self Improvement Activity: Control your thinking
To avoid chaos in your mind resulting in chaos in the outside world, you should try to observe your thoughts. Once you start doing that, you will notice how many negative thoughts you get daily.
By observing negative thinking you will be able to emotionally disengage from it. As a result, negative thinking will affect you less and you will notice that your days are getting more peaceful and positive.4th Self Improvement Activity: Get organised
When you live in an organised manner, you do not suffer from stress and your life is peaceful and balanced.
To start living this way, you should start planning your day in advance. This will eliminate any stress caused by being late to a meeting or forgetting to complete some task.
You should also live in tidiness because by keeping your home clean you also keep your mental state clear and peaceful. Such mental state will benefit you in many ways, including improved memory and less negativity.5th Self Improvement Activity: Live in the present
Although this self improvement activity may seem strange to you, it is a very important activity that many ignore. The majority of people do not live in the present. They either dwell on their past or daydream about the future. They seem to forget the most important time of all - the present.
You should enjoy every present moment because your current state of mind always manifests in the outside world, creating your future accordingly.
Therefore if your main mood is very positive, you will experience only happy days. However, if you dwell on negative thoughts, you are sure to encounter many obstacles and misfortunes in the present and days to come.6th Self Improvement Activity: Complete each task in a perfect manner
Whenever you are working on some project, try to accomplish it in the best way possible. Always ask yourself 'Is this project turned out as perfect as it could possibly be?' If the answer is no, try to correct or add something to it until there is nothing that you can improve.
This way you will make sure that each single task you accomplish is done in an excellent manner. By doing this you will create successful future because you cannot possibly fail if you only get perfect results.
Also, when you entirely focus on one task excluding everything else, you will notice that you start enjoying the task. If you concentrate on the task but still do not enjoy it, that means that you probably see the task as a means to an end rather than the process.
You should start focusing on the process itself to find enjoyment in the task. Such enjoyment will fuel motivation and you will accomplish everything quicker and better.
If you enjoy your work, you will put only positive energy into it. As a result, your completed tasks will bring you success.7th Self Improvement Activity: Challenge yourself
Nothing develops you more than challenges. Challenges force you to shift your comfort zone, experience new situations and make you grow. Without challenges life would be very boring and depressing.
Challenges are necessary for every human being who is seeking quality life. Only through trial and error you realise who you really are, which activities you like and what preferences you have.
You can easily measure the success of a person by the amount of challenges s/he had.8th Self Improvement Activity: Read personal development books
There is nothing more important than searching information about self improvement. Without reading any self improvement books or articles you cannot improve yourself.9th Self Improvement Activity: Socialize only with positive people
Positive people can inspire, empower and make you happy. It is so much worth to be at least once in a while with positive people rather than constantly spend time with negative friends or relatives.
If you spend your days with, for example, lazy people, you may notice that you are becoming lazy.
If all your friends' main qualities are negative, try to avoid all of them. This way you will not be affected in a negative way and after some time will start attracting positive people.10th Self Improvement Activity:
Exercise
Daily exercise develops determination, focus and patience. It improves your health and strengthens your body. It makes you more active, positive and invincible.
People who exercise every day are always perceived as strong-willed and disciplined.
Conclusion
These personal improvement activities are sure to put you on the track to success. I hope that you will apply the steps in this article and, as a result, will greatly improve the quality of your life.
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